ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe lesions in four birds, victims of collisions with aircraft, coming from the International Airport of Recife/Guararapes Gilberto Freyre, Pernambuco, Brazil. Contused wounds were predominant in birds in this study, characterized by the presence of fractures, bruises and hematomas and justified by the blunt action promoted by the type of vulnerant agent involved (aircraft). The analysis under medico-legal veterinary aspect of lesions in bird strike is essential, because in addition to the attempt to establish a standard for differentiating the aircraft lesions, it can guide the bird strike hazard management programs at airports, since the necropsy allows the identification of the species involved or at least facilitates the obtaining biological material for identification.

Antibodies play an important role in both medicine and analytical biotechnology. Recently, the demand for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been increasing exponentially, since their potential for therapeutic use was disclosed and improved techniques to produce them at higher titers have become available. Although upstream processing of mAbs has suffered a tremendous improvement, in the last decades, me downstream processing lias been considered the bottleneck in providing antibodies at reliable costs, being, in fact, the major cost factor with 50 to 80% of total production costs. Therefore, alternative methods for mAbs's purification may be required. Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) have been described, for the last decade, as a viable alternative to the current establish platform, since clarification, concentration and purification can be achieved in just one step using a biocompatible environment. Therefore, the use of ATPS for integrative purification of mAbs it will be reviewed.

Los anticuerpos tienen un papel importante tanto en la biotecnología médica como en la analítica. Desde que su potencial para uso terapéutico fue descubierto y las técnicas para producirlos en concentraciones más altas fueron mejoradas y se hicieron disponibles, la demanda de anticuerpos monoclonales (mAbs) ha estado incrementado exponencialmente. A pesar de que en las últimas décadas los procesos de fermentación de mAbs han mejorado notablemente, los procesos de recuperación y purificación han sido considerados el cuello de botella para la producción de anticuerpos a precios confiables. De hecho, es esta última etapa la que involucra un mayor costo abarcando del 50 al 80% de los costos totales de producción. Debido a esto, métodos alternativos de producción de anticuerpos son requeridos. Los sistemas de dos fases acuosas (SDFA) han sido descritos en la ultima década, como una alternativa viable a la plataforma actual establecida, dado que la clarificación, concentración y purificación pueden ser llevadas a cabo en un solo paso dentro de un ambiente biocompatible. Es por tanto que el uso de SDFA para una purificación integral será revisado.

Inglúvios e cecos de reprodutoras comerciais de frangos de corte foram utilizados para o isolamento de Lactobacillus spp. As estirpes isoladas foram caracterizadas como Gram-positivo, catalase negativo, produtoras de gás em glicose, não produtoras de H2S em triple sugar iron e identificadas pela reação em cadeia da polimerase como Lactobacillus reuteri e Lactobacillus salivarius. A utilização da técnica spot-on-the-lawn para avaliação da inibição in vitro permitiu a análise de vários microrganismos simultaneamente. Todas as estirpes isoladas inibiram in vitro S. Enteritidis fagotipo 4, S. Enteritidis fagotipo 28, S. Typhimurium, S. Pullorum, S. Agona, S. Anatum, S. Dublin e S. Senftenberg.

Crops and ceca of commercial broiler breeders were used for the isolation of Lactobacillus spp. The isolated samples were characterized by Gram positive staining, negative catalase test, production of gas from glucose, negative for H2S production from triple sugar iron, and were identified by the polymerase chain reaction as Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus salivarius. The use of the spot-on-the-lawn technique, with modifications, for the evaluation of the in vitro inhibition made it possible the simultaneous analysis of several microrganisms. All the crop and ceca isolated microorganisms presented an in vitro inhibitory effect against strains of Salmonella Enteritidis fagotype 4, S. Enteritidis fagotype 28, S. Typhimurium, S. Pullorum, S. Agona, S. Anatum, S. Dublin, and S. Senftenberg.

Lactobacilos foram isolados do inglúvio e cecos de reprodutoras pesadas e caracterizados como Gram-positivo, catalase negativo, produtores de gás em glicose e não produtores de H2S em triple sugar iron e pela fermentação de carboidratos. Utilizaram-se os iniciadores: Lac 1/23-10C para detecção de Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. crispatus, L. amylovorus, L. gasseri, L. helveticus e L. jensenii; Lac 2/LU-1' para L. acidophilus; Fer 3/Fer 4 para L. fermentum; Reu 1/Reu 2 para L. reuteri e Sal 1 e Sal 2 para L. salivarius. L. reuteri e L. salivarius foram identificados pela reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) e pelo teste bioquímico, enquanto L. acidophilus, L. fermentum e Lactobacillus sp. somente pelo teste bioquímico. Os resultados obtidos na PCR foram mais precisos quando comparados aos obtidos com o método bioquímico, que demonstrou ser subjetivo devido às variações na fermentação de carboidratos, principalmente na diferenciação entre L. fermentum e L. reuteri.

Lactobacilli were isolated from crops and ceca of broiler breeders and characterized by positive Gram staining, negative catalase test, production of gas from glucose, and negative for H2S production from triple sugar iron, and carbohydrates fermentation. Primers: Lac1/23-10C for detecting Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. crispatus, L. amylovorus, L. gasseri, L. helveticus, and L. jensenii; Lac2/LU-1' for L. acidophilus; Fer3/Fer4 for L. fermentum; Reu1/Reu2 for L. reuteri, and Sal1/Sal2 for L. salivarius were used. L. reuteri and L. salivarius were identified by both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biochemical tests. However, L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, and Lactobacillus sp. were only identified by biochemical tests. PCR results were more precise, considering the variability of carbohydrate fermentation among the strains, especially for identifying L. fermentum and L. reuteri.